Acronym GenomResist
Category
Marine Biotechnology
Title Genomic selection for improved disease resistance of shrimp Programme National Programme
Instrument (FP6)
Contact Type (FP7)
Strand (Interreg)
NA
Theme (FP7)
Activity Area (FP6)
Regional Area (Interreg)
Action (COST)
NA
Specific Programme (FP7)
NA
Funding source National Coordinator Nicholas Robinson Coordinator email NA
Coordinator institution
NOFIMA - Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Norway)
Institutions involved
NA
Start year 2015 End year 2019 Funding (€) € 312,500 Website https://prosjektbanken.forskningsradet.no/en/project/FORISS/244131?Kilde=FORISS&distribution=Ar&chart=bar&calcType=funding&Sprak=no&sortBy=date&sortOrder=desc&resultCount=30&offset=0&ProgAkt.3=HAVBRUKS-Havbruk+-+en+n%C3%A6ring+i+vekst Summary "In a previous collaborative project with the Central Institutes for Freshwater and Brackishwater Aquaculture in India, Nofima discovered markers in the genetic code (DNA sequence) associated with resistance to white spot syndrome virus in tiger shrimp. White spot syndrome virus has a severe impact on shrimp production around the world. The aim of this project was to extend the previous project to implement ""genomic selection"" to improve disease resistance and to transfer marker technologies to other important shrimp species grown around the world.
The bulk of world production has recently changed from tiger to white shrimp. We have sequenced most of the genes in white shrimp and compared the genomes of the two species. Families of white shrimp produced by partner Syaqua were challenged with the disease and genotyped for the markers associated with white spot resistance in our previous project, and we have found that one of the genes associated with viral resistance in tiger shrimp also affects viral resistance in white shrimp.
Information about the DNA code from across the entire shrimp genome has been used to choose which animals should be bred in order to improve the disease resistance of the next generation of partner Benchmark Genetics Colombia's white shrimp for production. An evaluation of the accuracy and rate of genetic improvement using these new technologies and methods was made, the genetic variation for resistance to white spot syndrome virus detected using this technology was found to be high and genomic selection was found to improve the rate of survival with challenge to white spot syndrome virus from 38% in randomly selected shrimp to 51% after one generation of genomic selection. A manuscript has been drafted describing these results.
Genomic selection was therefore demonstrated to have a significant and large (15%) effect on average group survival. Due to the large variation in survival present and relative high heritability detected, further selection would be expected to produce high genetic gains. Shrimp selected for disease resistance will be distributed to hatcheries and knowledge about genomic selection is being broadly disseminated through publications and workshops. We have demonstrated that selective breeding using these new technologies and methods can be effectively implemented to improve the ability to resist this disease. Commercial operators and small farming communities will benefit, and the production of shrimp will be made more reliable and profitable from the dissemination of seedstock that is selected for white spot virus resistance in this way.
Outcome: One quantitative trait locus (QTL) was detected both in white-leg shrimp and tiger shrimp. One generation of genomic selection improved WSSV resistance by 15%. Fifty white-leg shrimp SNPs corresponding to tiger shrimp QTL positions were identified. 10,273 new SNPs were identified and 18,643 were used for genomic selection.
Impact: One generation of genomic selection resulted in 15% higher WSSV resistance making shrimp more robust and farmers less affected by production losses. Genomic heritability was high. There is large potential to make further genetic improvement using genomic selection. Plans were made to distribute improved stock around the world. Uptake will reduce the need for antibiotics, reduce consumption of antibiotics by people, profit pond holders and increase food security. We have developed expertise in the application of genomic technologies and we have drafted a relatively high impact publication."
Keywords
Disease;
Genomic;
Shrimp;
Selective breeding;
Crustacean;
Land-based aquaculture;
Genetic;
Shellfish;
Marine Region
76
Not associated to marine areas
0
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