Acronym ViVaAct
Category
Aquaculture
Title Comparing the protection from attenuated and inactivated virus vaccines against pancreas disease (PD) and heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) Programme National Programme
Instrument (FP6)
Contact Type (FP7)
Strand (Interreg)
NA
Theme (FP7)
Activity Area (FP6)
Regional Area (Interreg)
Action (COST)
NA
Specific Programme (FP7)
NA
Funding source National Coordinator Espen Rimstad Coordinator email espen.rimstad@nmbu.no
Coordinator institution
NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences (Norway)
Institutions involved
NA
Start year 2018 End year 2022 Funding (€) € 1,005,197 Website https://prosjektbanken.forskningsradet.no/en/project/FORISS/280847?Kilde=FORISS&distribution=Ar&chart=bar&calcType=funding&Sprak=no&sortBy=date&sortOrder=desc&resultCount=30&offset=90&ProgAkt.3=HAVBRUK2-Stort+program+for+havbruksforskning Summary "In order to ensure growth in Norwegian aquaculture, optimal disease control must be obtained. Two of the diseases causing outbreaks in a vast number of Norwegian fish farms are Pancreas disease (PD) caused by salmonid alphavirus (SAV2 and SAV3), and heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) caused by Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV). Recent studies have demonstrated that functional vaccines may be developed against these diseases, but only suboptimal protection have been obtained with existing methods. Standard vaccines using inactivated viruses depend on targeted adjuvants for protective effects, but their ability to stimulate the immune system is less efficient compared to an infecting virus. To be able to fine-tune vaccine effects into optimal protection, more in depth understanding of the host-agent interaction and the pathogen-specific protective mechanisms are needed.
Building on a solid background and scientific record on these specific viral infections and the Atlantic salmon immune system, using tools and methodology developed in the preceding ViVaFish project (237315/E40). The PIs behind ViVaACT aim to characterize the specific mechanisms that separate the host immune response triggered by attenuated or inactivated viruses and their protective potential, focusing primarily on SAV and PRV. This project may identify clues to protective vaccination against PD and HSMI and related viral diseases in fish.
Goals:
(i) Establish protective efficacy and safety of live attenuated virus variants;
(ii) Monitor the local interaction between attenuated vs wild type viruses and the host;
(iii) Determine long-term protection (6 months) initiated by attenuated vs inactivated vaccines;
(iv) Characterize specific humoral and cellular responses to live attenuated vaccines.
We have shown that a live vaccine against HSMB provides full protection and also prevents infection with PRV-1. The downside is that the vaccine cannot be cultured in cell culture but must be produced in rainbow trout. If it were possible to cultivate this vaccine strain in culture, the path to market would be very short.
Regarding the live, genetically modified SAV vaccine against PD, we have shown that it works partially well against the disease, but the vaccine cannot prevent infection with SAV. It protects against disease but not infection, and therefore cannot prevent the detection of SAV and any resulting facility restrictions. A genetically modified SAV would be considered GMO, and there is still likely a mental hurdle to overcome before the aquaculture industry will adopt GMO vaccines."
Keywords
Genetic;
Fish;
Fish health;
Engineering;
Disease;
Vaccines development;
Salmon;
Marine Region
76
Not associated to marine areas
0
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